ABSTRACT
Over the past decade, Pfizer has focused efforts to improve its research and development (R&D) productivity. By the end of 2020, Pfizer had achieved an industry-leading clinical success rate of 21%, a tenfold increase from 2% in 2010 and well above the industry benchmark of â¼11%. The company had also maintained the quality of innovation, because 75% of its approvals between 2016 and 2020 had at least one expedited regulatory designation (e.g., Breakthrough Therapy). Pfizer's Signs of Clinical Activity (SOCA) paradigm enabled better decision-making and, along with other drivers (biology and modality), contributed to this productivity improvement. These laid a strong foundation for the rapid and effective development of the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine with BioNTech, as well as the antiviral candidate Paxlovid™, under the company's 'lightspeed' paradigm.
Subject(s)
Drug Industry/economics , Research/economics , Antiviral Agents/economics , BNT162 Vaccine/economics , COVID-19/economics , COVID-19 Vaccines/economics , HumansSubject(s)
2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273 , Dissent and Disputes , Drug Industry , Inventors/legislation & jurisprudence , National Institutes of Health (U.S.) , Patents as Topic/legislation & jurisprudence , Research Personnel/legislation & jurisprudence , 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273/economics , 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273/genetics , 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273/supply & distribution , Drug Industry/economics , Drug Industry/legislation & jurisprudence , Humans , Inventors/economics , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/economics , National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/legislation & jurisprudence , Ownership/economics , Ownership/legislation & jurisprudence , Public-Private Sector Partnerships/economics , Public-Private Sector Partnerships/legislation & jurisprudence , Research Personnel/economics , SARS-CoV-2/genetics , United StatesSubject(s)
COVID-19 Drug Treatment , COVID-19 Vaccines , Drug Industry/economics , Drugs, Generic/economics , Drugs, Generic/supply & distribution , Licensure , Patents as Topic , COVID-19/economics , COVID-19 Vaccines/economics , COVID-19 Vaccines/supply & distribution , Drug Development/economics , Humans , Licensure/legislation & jurisprudence , Patents as Topic/legislation & jurisprudence , World Health Organization/organization & administrationSubject(s)
COVID-19 Vaccines/economics , COVID-19/economics , Commerce/ethics , Drug Costs , Drug Industry/ethics , Global Health/ethics , Social Justice , COVID-19/prevention & control , Coronavirus , Developed Countries , Developing Countries , Drug Industry/economics , Global Health/economics , Government , Humans , Pandemics , VaccinationSubject(s)
COVID-19 Vaccines , COVID-19 , Cancer Vaccines , Genetic Therapy/trends , Precision Medicine/trends , RNA, Messenger/therapeutic use , Vaccines, Synthetic , Antibodies, Monoclonal/genetics , Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology , Betacoronavirus/immunology , COVID-19/epidemiology , COVID-19/immunology , COVID-19/prevention & control , COVID-19 Vaccines/immunology , Cancer Vaccines/immunology , Dendritic Cells/immunology , Dendritic Cells/metabolism , Drug Industry/economics , Drug Industry/organization & administration , Genetic Therapy/methods , Humans , Inflammation , Lymphatic System , Nanoparticles/metabolism , Precision Medicine/methods , Pseudouridine/metabolism , RNA Stability , RNA, Messenger/immunology , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , United States/epidemiology , Vaccines, Synthetic/immunologyABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the world in so many ways since 2019 when the first case was recorded. COVID-19 pandemic has impacted negatively on economy, health, education and infrastructure globally. COVID-19 vaccine was developed with the aim of stopping the pandemic and allowing the rebuilding of our societies and economies. The vaccine was rolled out in December 2020 and the distribution plan appears to be skewed in favour of high income countries. This paper highlights the need for consideration of the principles of equity and universal health coverage in the distribution plan of the vaccine. It emphasizes the need to ensure that the interests of citizens of developing and low income countries are well protected. The paper concludes that issues of disparity in economic status of countries entering agreement with the vaccine manufacturing companies, absence of logistic support among others should not be a barrier to ensuring equitable access to vaccine for all consistent with the sustainable development goal 3.7.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 Vaccines/supply & distribution , COVID-19/prevention & control , Healthcare Disparities/economics , Universal Health Insurance/economics , COVID-19 Vaccines/economics , Developing Countries , Drug Industry/economics , Global Health , Health Equity , Health Services Accessibility/economics , Humans , Socioeconomic FactorsSubject(s)
COVID-19 Vaccines/economics , COVID-19 Vaccines/supply & distribution , Developing Countries , Drug Industry/economics , Drug Industry/organization & administration , Healthcare Disparities , Immunization Programs , Developed Countries/economics , Developing Countries/economics , Humans , Immunization Programs/economics , India , Licensure , Patents as Topic , Technology TransferSubject(s)
COVID-19 Vaccines , Drug Industry/history , Research Personnel/history , Research/history , Vaccines, Synthetic/history , Animals , Clinical Trials as Topic , Drug Industry/economics , Genetic Therapy/history , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Humans , Liposomes , Mice , Nanoparticles/chemistry , Neoplasms/genetics , Neoplasms/immunology , Neoplasms/therapy , Nobel Prize , Patents as Topic/history , Pseudouridine/metabolism , RNA/biosynthesis , RNA/genetics , RNA Stability , Rabbits , Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/chemistry , Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology , Toll-Like Receptors/immunology , Vaccines, DNA/history , Vaccines, Synthetic/adverse effects , Vaccines, Synthetic/therapeutic useABSTRACT
The post-coronavirus era will open myriad opportunities for the biopharma industry. However, the extent to which each country will take advantage of this promising new scenario will largely depend on its position in a few key areas. Here, we offer an overview of the European countries that are winning and those that are lagging behind in the race to attract the greatest investment in this industry and to attain the highest rate of successful new ventures. Our results highlight the vital importance of a sound, active funding base, especially in terms of venture capital. Our findings also suggests that general scientific foundations are not enough to secure an advantage in new venture formation.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Drug Development/economics , Drug Development/trends , Drug Industry/economics , Drug Industry/trends , Investments , Pandemics , Europe , Foundations , ResearchSubject(s)
COVID-19 Vaccines/economics , COVID-19/prevention & control , Drug Industry/economics , Healthcare Disparities/economics , Humanities , COVID-19 Vaccines/supply & distribution , Crime , Drug Industry/ethics , Health Services Accessibility/economics , Health Services Accessibility/ethics , Healthcare Disparities/ethics , Humans , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed the vulnerability of the US generic drug supply chain to foreign production. Many policies have been proposed to mitigate this vulnerability. In this article, we argue that nonprofit drug manufacturers have the potential to make important contributions.